1956 Ford Fairlane & Fairlane Crown Victoria Brochure
© 1955, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Michigan, Form FD-7575, Litho in U.S.A. 9-55

1956 Ford Fairlane Models
The name “Fairlane” reflects Fair Lane, the historic home of Clara and Henry Ford, EST. 1915, at 1 Fair Lane Drive, Dearborn, Michigan, United States

PAGE INDEX  Click links or scroll down . . .

1956 FORD FAIRLANE SERIES
7 models. Top trim. Color-keyed Two-Tone instr panel, 18" dia deep-center 3-spoke steering wheel (w/ chrome 2/3-circle horn ring) & column, & looped rayon carpeting. Bright-metal windshield, rear window, roof drip (except Sunliner), & bodyside full-length sweep wide molding w/ impressed black-painted jet exhaust design at rear. Bumper-ported dual exhaust. 5-leaf (opt 6) rear springs. 11" dia drum brakes. 15" dia x 5" wide, 5 lug x 4.5" (114.3 mm), steel wheel rims. 6.70 x 15" or 7.10 x 15" bias 4-ply tubeless black sidewall tires.
        •  Fairlane (incld Crown Victoria) Models & Specs - download a print-ready 8-page PDF (here)
        •  Fairlane (incld Crown Victoria) Color Schemes - download a print-ready 10-page PDF (here)

 

2 dr, 6 pass     Body Style  T     Body Type  70C     Production (I-6) 1,328 + (V-8 292 & 312) 141,301 = 142,629
Prices    Interiors    Tires    Weights

Std  Thunderbird V-8  292-cid  200/202-hp  M-code  eng (& Conv Dr)   $2,434.80 L.A. Calif. ($2,555 Wash. D.C.),  w/
        •  Std Conv Dr, 10" clutch, 3.78 (opt 3.89) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  (incld), ship 3,250 lb / curb 3,420 lb
        •  Opt Overdrive, 10," clutch, 3.89 (opt 3.78) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$109.7 ($110), ship 3,280 lb / curb 3,460 lb
        •  Opt Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, 6.70 (7.10 w/ SelectAire) x 15" tires  +$178.20 ($192), ship 3,385 / curb 3,570 lb,  or
Opt  Ford I-6  223-cid  137-hp  A-code  eng (& Conv Dr)   $2,341.03 L.A. Calif. ($2,405 Wash. D.C.),  w/
        •  Std Conv Dr, 9-1/2" clutch, 3.89 (opt 4.11) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  (incld), ship 3,107 lb / curb 3,280 lb
        •  Opt Overdrive, 9-1/2" clutch, 4.11 (opt 3.89) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +109.70 ($110), ship 3,137 lb / curb 3,310 lb
        •  Opt Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$178.20 ($192), ship 3,242 lb / curb 3,420 lb,  or
Opt  Thunderbird Special V-8  312-cid  225-hp  P-code  eng  $100   mid model-year   plus required equip . . .
        std Club Sedan V-8 $2,434.80 + T-Bird Special V-8 312 $100 + Fordomatic $178.20 + 7.10 x 15" tires $20 = $2,733.00,  w/
        3.22 (opt none) axle, ship 3,385 lb / curb 3,570 lb
 
COLOR SCHEMES - download a print-ready 10-page PDF (here)
1956 Ford Fairlane Club Sedan & Fairlane Town Sedan
5 int Trim Upholstery    seat bolster / seat cushion & back / carpet
        •  Blue Scroll Cloth - H-code Light Blue Cloth & Med Blue Cloth. Blue carpet
        •  Green Random Dot Cloth - J-code Dark Green Cloth & Med Green Cloth. Green carpet
        •  Brown Scroll Cloth - BJ-code Med Brown Cloth & Med Brown Cloth. Brown carpet
        •  Gray Random Dot Cloth - L-code Dark Gray Cloth & Medium Gray Cloth. Gray carpet
        •  Red Shadow Cloth - BF-code Dark Gray Cloth & Red Cloth. Gray carpet
10 ext Single-Tone
11 ext Style-Tone Two-Tone

1956 Ford Fairlane Club Sedan   Base V-8 price new  $2,434.80  (L.A. Calif.) w/ std Thunderbird V-8  292-cid 200-hp 4-bbl dual-exh Y-block M-code eng, 10" clutch, Conv Dr 3-spd trans, 3.78 (opt 3.89) rear axle, & 6.70 x 15" bias 4-ply tubeless bsw tires. This example has std Single-Tone A-code Raven Black ext paint (incld) & opt Side Shades (+$ n/a), Body Mount Mirrors +$10.20, Front Fender Ornaments (+$ n/a), Rocker Panel Trim +$18, Rear Fender Shields +$25, Wire Wheel Covers +$43, & White Sidewall Tires +$50.


 

4 dr, 6 pass     Body Style T     Body Type  73C     Production (I-6) 3,638 + (V-8 292 & 312) 221,234 = 224,872
Prices    Interiors    Tires    Weights

Std  Thunderbird V-8  292-cid  200/202-hp  M-code  eng (& Conv Dr)   $2,481.98 L.A. Calif. ($2,600 Wash. D.C.),  w/
        •  Std Conv Dr, 10" clutch, 3.78 (opt 3.89) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  (incld), ship 3,290 lb / curb 3,460 lb
        •  Opt Overdrive, 10," clutch, 3.89 (opt 3.78) axle, 6.70 x 15 x 5" tires  +$109.70 ($110), ship 3,320 lb / curb 3,510 lb
        •  Opt Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, 6.70 (7.10 w/ SelectAire) x 15" tires  +$178.20 ($192), ship 3,425 / curb 3,590 lb,  or
Opt  Ford I-6  223-cid  137-hp  A-code  eng (& Conv Dr)   $2,388.21 L.A. Calif. ($2,450 Wash. D.C.),  w/
        •  Std Conv Dr, 9-1/2" clutch, 3.89 (opt 4.11) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  (incld), ship 3,147 lb / curb 3,330 lb
        •  Opt Overdrive, 9-1/2" clutch, 4.11 (opt 3.89) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$109.70 ($110), ship 3,177 lb / curb 3,350 lb
        •  Opt Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$178.20 ($192), ship 3,282 lb / curb 3,460 lb,  or
Opt  Thunderbird Special V-8  312-cid  225-hp  P-code  eng  $100   mid model-year   plus required equip . . .
        std Town Sedan V-8 $2,481.98 + T-Bird Special V-8 $100 + Fordomatic $178.20 + 7.10 x 15" tires $20 = $2,780.18,  w/
        3.22 (opt none) axle

COLOR SCHEMES - download a print-ready 10-page PDF (here)
1956 Ford Fairlane Town Sedan
5 int Trim Upholstery (below)
10 ext Single-Tone
11 ext Style-Tone Two-Tone

1956 Ford Fairlane Town Sedan   Top trim. Base V-8 price new  $2,481.98  (L.A. Calif.) w/ std Thunderbird V-8  292-cid 200-hp 4-bbl dual-exh Y-block eng, 10" clutch, Conv Dr 3-spd trans, 3.78 (opt 3.89) rear axle, & 6.70 x 15" bias 4-ply tubeless bsw tires. This example has opt Style-Tone Two-Tone AE-code  Raven Black  &  Colonial White  ext paint +$26.90, Body Mount Mirrors +$10.20, De Luxe Rear Mount Antenna +$13.95, Rear Fender Shields +$25, Ford Crest Wheel Covers +$15, & White Sidewall Tires +$50.


 

2 dr, 6 pass     Body Style  V     Body Type  64C     Production (I-6) 727 + (V-8 292 & 312) 177,008 = 177,735
Prices    Interiors    Tires    Weights
Pillarless hardtop, windows roll down out of sight

Std  Thunderbird V-8  292-cid  200/202-hp  M-code  eng (& Conv Dr)   $2,585.32 L.A. Calif. ($2,701 Wash. D.C.),  w/
        •  Std Conv Dr, 10" clutch, 3.78 (opt 3.89) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  (incld), ship 3,345 lb / curb 3,530 lb
        •  Opt Overdrive, 10" clutch, 3.89 (opt 3.78) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$109.70 ($110), ship 3,375 lb / curb 3,550 lb
        •  Opt Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, 7.10 x 15" tires  +$178.20 ($192), ship 3,480 lb / curb 3,660 lb,  or
Opt  Ford I-6  223-cid  137-hp  A-code  eng (& Conv Dr)   $2,491.55 L.A. Calif. ($2,551 Wash. D.C.),  w/
        •  Std Conv Dr, 9-1/2" clutch, 3.89 (opt 4.11) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  (incld), ship 3,202 lb / curb 3,370 lb
        •  Opt Overdrive, 9-1/2" clutch, 4.11 (opt 3.89) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$109.70 ($110), ship 3,232 lb / curb 3,420 lb
        •  Opt Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$178.20 ($192), ship 3,337 lb / curb 3,510 lb,  or
Opt  Thunderbird Special V-8  312-cid  225-hp  P-code  eng  $100   mid model-year   plus required equip . . .
        std Fairlane Victoria V-8 $2,585.32 + T-Bird Special V-8 312 $100 + Fordomatic $178.20 = $2,863.52,  w/
        7.10 x 15" tires & 3.22 (opt none) axle

COLOR SCHEMES - download a print-ready 10-page PDF (here)
1956 Ford Fairlane Victoria
6 int Trim Upholstery    seat bolster / seat cushion & back / carpet
        •  Blue Tree Pattern - BS-code White Vinyl & Med Blue Cloth. Blue carpet
        •  Green Tree Pattern - C-code Light Green Vinyl & Med Green Cloth. Green carpet
        •  Black Tree Pattern - AD-code White Vinyl & Black Cloth. Black carpet
        •  Peacock Tree Pattern - AN-code White Vinyl & Dark Peacock Cloth. Blue carpet
        •  Orange & White Vinyls - BG-code White Vinyl & Orange Vinyl. Orange carpet   Optional
        •  Red Mosaic & White Vinyl  - BL-code White Vinyl & Red Bodycloth. Red carpet
10 ext Single-Tone
5 ext Conv Two-Tone
12 ext Style-Tone Two-Tone

1956 Ford Fairlane Victoria   Top trim. Base V-8 price new  $2,585.32  (L.A. Calif.) w/ std Thunderbird V-8  292-cid 200-hp 4-bbl dual-exh Y-block eng, 10" clutch, Conv Dr 3-spd trans, 3.78 (opt 3.89) rear axle, & 6.70 x 15" bias 4-ply-tubeless bsw tires. This example has opt Style-Tone Two-Tone KE-code  Fiesta Red  &  Colonial White  ext paint +$26.90, Rear Fender Shields +$25, Ford Crest Wheel Covers +$15, & White Sidewall Tires +$50. Opt 1958-59 Adjust-O-Ring Mirrors on fenders (+$ n/a).




4 dr, 6 pass     Body Style  F     Body Type  57A     Production  32,111
Prices    Interiors    Tires    Weights
Pillarless hardtop, windows roll down out of sight

The mid model-year Fairlane Fordor Victoria was not included in the 5-model  1956 Ford Fairlane brochure  printed Sep 1955. However, it was displayed in the revised 19-model (full line) 1956 Ford Car (All) brochure  printed Jan 1956; and was also advertised with its own, illustrated, full-color, 8-page  "The New Fairlane Fordor Victoria" brochure  also printed Jan 1956. It was promoted as a Thunderbird V-8 (or opt Thunderbird Special V-8) engine & Fordomatic Dr powered car (only).

Std  Thunderbird V-8  292-cid  202-hp  M-code  eng   $2,769  Wash. D.C.
        includes required  Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, & 7.10 x 15" tires,   or
Opt  Thunderbird Special V-8  312-cid  225-hp  P-code  eng   $100 + $2,769 = $2,869  Wash. D.C.
        includes required  Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt none) axle, & 7.10 x 15" tires

COLOR SCHEMES - download a print-ready 10-page PDF (here)
1956 Ford Fairlane Fordor Victoria
6 int Trim Upholstery
10 ext Single-Tone
5 ext Conv Two-Tone
12 ext Style-Tone Two-Tone


1956 Ford Fairlane Fordor Victoria   Base V-8 price new  $2,769  (Wash. D.C.) includes Thunderbird V-8  292-cid  202-hp  4-bbl dual-exh Y-block M-code eng, Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) rear axle, & 7.10 x 15" bias 4-ply tubeless bsw tires. This example has opt Spring Color Style-Tone Two-Tone BE-code  Sunset Coral  &  Colonial White  ext paint +$26.90, Rear Fender Shields +$25, Ford Crest Wheel Covers +$15 [est], & White Sidewall Tires +$50.


"Victoria" and "Crown Victoria" names reflect the cultured Victorian era (1820-1914), Queen Victoria’s reign (1837-1901), tiara headpiece jewelry worn by fashionable ladies for formal occasions, and high-class calash (English) and Victoria (French) horse-drawn coachman-driven carriages with prominent hooded folding top—example from the Hammann Twistringen Workshop, Germany (1890-1895).

 

2 dr, 6 pass    Body Style W    Body Type  64A  (steel top)    Production (I-6) 103 + (V-8 292 & 312) 9,106 = 9,209
Prices    Interiors    Tires    Weights
Bright-metal "crown of chrome," extra-wide top edge & C-pillar molding, & top of rear fender molding

Std  Thunderbird V-8  292-cid  200/202-hp  M-code  eng (& Conv Dr)   $2,732.09 L.A. ($2,844 Wash. D.C.),  w/
        •  Std Conv Dr, 10" clutch, 3.78 (opt 3.89) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  (incld), ship 3,360 lb / curb 3,530 lb
        •  Opt Overdrive, 10" clutch, 3.89 (opt 3.78) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$109.70 ($110), ship 3,390 lb / curb 3,570 lb
        •  Opt Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, 7.10 x 15" tires  +$178.20 ($192), ship 3,495 lb / curb 3,680 lb,  or
Opt  Ford I-6  223-cid  137-hp  A-code  eng (& Conv Dr)   $2,638.32 L.A. Calif. ($2,694 Wash. D.C.),  w/
        •  Std Conv Dr, 9-1/2" clutch, 3.89 (opt 4.11) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  (incld), ship 3,217 lb / curb 3,390 lb
        •  Opt Overdrive, 9-1/2" clutch, 4.11 (opt 3.89) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$109.70 ($110), ship 3,247 lb / curb 3,420 lb
        •  Opt Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$178.20 ($192), ship 3,352 lb / curb 3,530 lb,  or
Opt  Thunderbird Special V-8  312-cid  225-hp  P-code  eng  $100   mid model-year   plus required equip . . .
        std Fairlane Crown Victoria V-8 $2,732.09 + T-Bird Special V-8 312 $100 + Fordomatic $178.20 = $3,010.29,  w/
        7.10 x 15" tires & 3.22 (opt none) axle

COLOR SCHEMES - download a print-ready 10-page PDF (here)
1956 Ford Fairlane Crown Victoria
4 int Trim Upholstery (below)
4 ext Single-Tone
4 ext Conv Two-Tone
4 ext Style-Tone Two-Tone

1956 Ford Fairlane Crown Victoria   Top trim. Base V-8 price new  $2,732.09  (L.A. Calif.). This example has opt Style-Tone Two-Tone DE-code  Diamond Blue  &  Colonial White  ext paint +$45, Body Mount Mirror +$5.10, De Luxe Rear Mount Antenna +$13.95, Rocker Panel Trim +$18, Front Fender Shields (+$ n/a), Rear Fender Shields +$25, Ford Crest Wheel Covers +$15 [est], & White Sidewall Tires +$50.


 

2 dr, 6 pass     Body Style  W     Body Type  64B  (transparent top)     Production (I-6) ____ + (V-8 292 & 312) ____ = 603
Prices    Interiors    Tires    Weights
Bright-metal "crown of chrome," extra-wide top edge & C-pillar molding, & top of rear fender molding

Blue-green tinted 1/4-in-thick molded acrylic-plastic (not PLEXIGLAS®) transparent top that bars up to 60% of sun heat rays & 72% of glare & a pull-out 2-section 3-zipper adjustable "aluminized nylon" curtain. View Curtain Operation, Owner's Manual

Std  Thunderbird V-8  292-cid  200/202-hp  M-code  eng (& Conv Dr)  $2,802.99, L.A. Calif. ($2,914, Wash. D.C.),  w/
        •  Std Conv Dr, 10" clutch, 3.78 (opt 3.89) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  (incld), ship 3,370 lb / curb 3,550 lb
        •  Opt Overdrive, 10" clutch, 3.89 (opt 3.78) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$109.70 ($110), ship 3,400 lb / curb 3,570 lb
        •  Opt Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, 7.10 x 15" tires  +$178.20 ($192), ship 3,505 lb / curb 3,680 lb,  or
Opt  Ford I-6  223-cid  137-hp  A-code  eng (& Conv Dr)   $2,709.22, L.A. Calif. ($2,764, Wash. D.C.),  w/
        •  Std Conv Dr, 9-1/2" clutch, 3.89 (opt 4.11) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  (incld), ship 3,227 lb / curb 3,390 lb
        •  Opt Overdrive, 9-1/2" clutch, 4.11 (opt 3.89) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$109.70 ($110), ship 3,257 lb / curb 3,440 lb
        •  Opt Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$178.20 ($192),  ship 3,362 lb / curb 3,550 lb,  or
Opt  Thunderbird Special V-8  312-cid  225-hp  P-code  eng  $100   mid model-year   plus required equip . . .
        std Crown Victoria Skyliner V-8 $2,802.99 + T-Bird Special V-8 312 $100 + Fordomatic $178.20 = $3,081.19,  w/
        7.10 x 15" tires & 3.22 (opt none) axle
 
COLOR SCHEMES - download a print-ready 10-page PDF (here)
1956 Ford Fairlane Crown Victoria & Fairlane Crown Victoria Skyliner
4 int Trim Upholstery    seat bolster / seat cushion & back / carpet
        •  Green Tree Pattern - C-code Light Green Vinyl & Med Green Cloth. Green carpet
        •  Red Mosaic Pattern - BL-code White Vinyl & Red Bodycloth. Red carpet
        •  Black Tree Pattern - AD-code White Vinyl & Black Cloth. Black carpet
        •  Peacock Tree Pattern - AN-code White Vinyl & Dark Peacock Cloth. Blue carpet
4 ext Single-Tone
4 ext Conv Two-Tone
4 ext Style-Tone Two-Tone


1956 Ford Fairlane Crown Victoria Skyliner   Base V-8 price new  $2,802.99  (L.A. Calif.) including  blue-green tinted 1/4-in-thick molded acrylic-plastic (not PLEXIGLAS®) transparent top that bars up to 60% of sun heat rays & 72% of glare & a pull-out 2-section 3-zipper adjustable "aluminized nylon" curtain. Opt GE-code  Meadowmist Green  &  Colonia White  ext paint +$26.90.

"Green Tree Pattern"  C-code  Light Green Vinyl  &  Med Green Cloth  int trim upholstery



 

2 dr, 6 pass     Body Style  C     Body Type  76B     Production (I-6) 275 + (V-8 292 & 312) 57,872 =  58,147
Prices    Interiors    Tires    Weights
Bright-metal extra-wide windshield molding. Weather-resistant all-vinyl upholstery

Convertible top is operated with an instr panel pull-push "TOP  knob that activates an electro-hydraulic unit—a motor & oil pump. The rear window is clear plastic, fastened at bottom edge, & opened w/ one weather-sealed zipper at sides & top. To lower the top unlatch the 2 front clamps, unzip & fold down the rear window, & pull out the TOP handle. When down, attach the boot. To raise the top remove the boot & push in the TOP knob. When up, zip up the window & then latch the clamps. To open the rear window as a "breezeway" unlatch the clamps, unzip & fold down the window, & re-latch the clamps. Boots are Med Blue or Med Green gabardine-grained vinyl; or Red, Black, or Orange skiver-grained vinyl. Tops are White farbic-grained vinyl; or Blue, Tan, or Black rayon fabric. Top Operation, Owner's Manual (here)

Std  Thunderbird V-8  292-cid  200/202-hp  M-code  eng (& Conv Dr)   $2,764.91 L.A. Calif. ($2,870 Wash. D.C.),  w/
        •  Std Conv Dr, 10" clutch, 3.78 (opt 3.89) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  (incld), ship 3,445 lb / curb 3,640 lb
        •  Opt Overdrive, 10" clutch, 3.89 (opt 3.78) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$109.70 ($110), ship 3,485 lb / curb 3,660 lb
        •  Opt Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, 7.10 x 15" tires  +$178.20 ($192), ship 3,590 lb / curb 3,770 lb,  or
Opt  Ford I-6  223-cid  137-hp  A-code  eng (& Conv Dr)   $2,671.14 L.A. Calif. ($2,720 Wash. D.C.),  w/
        •  Std Conv Dr, 9-1/2" clutch, 3.89 (opt 4.11) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  (incld), ship 3,312 lb / curb 3,480 lb
        •  Opt Overdrive, 9-1/2" clutch, 4.11 (opt 3.89) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +$109.70 ($110), ship 3,342 lb / curb 3,530 lb
        •  Opt Fordomatic Dr, 3.22 (opt 3.56) axle, 6.70 x 15" tires  +178.20 ($192), ship 3,447 lb / curb 3,620 lb,  or
Opt  Thunderbird Special V-8  312-cid  225-hp  P-code  eng  $100   mid model-year   plus required equip . . .
        std Fairlane Sunliner V-8 $2,764.91 + T-Bird Special V-8 312 $100 + Fordomatic $178.20 = $3,043.11,  w/
        7.10 x 15" tires & 3.22 (opt none) axle

COLOR SCHEMES - download a print-ready 10-page PDF (here)
1956 Ford Fairlane Sunliner
5 int Trim Upholstery    seat bolster / seat cushion & back / carpet / boot / top
        •  White Quilted & Blue Vinyls - BM-code Med Blue Vinyl & White Vinyl. Blue carpet. Med Blue boot. Blue, Tan, or White conv top
        •  Green Quilted & Green Vinyls - T-code Med Green Vinyl & Light Green Vinyl. Green carpet. Med Green boot. Black or White conv top
        •  White Quilted & Red Vinyls - V-code Red Vinyl & White Vinyl. Red carpet. Red boot. Black, Tan, or White conv top
        •  White Quilted & Black Vinyls - BN-code Black Vinyl & White Vinyl. Black carpet. Black boot. Black, Tan, or White conv top
        •  Orange Quilted & White Vinyls - BG-code White Vinyl & Orange Vinyl. Orange carpet. Orange boot. Black or White conv top
10 ext Single-Tone
10 ext Style-Tone Two-Tone

1956 Ford Fairlane Sunliner   Base V-8 price new  $2,764.91  (L.A. Calif.) w/ std Thunderbird V-8  292-cid 200-hp Y-block M-code eng, 10" clutch, Conv Dr 3-spd trans, 3.78 (opt 3.89) rear axle, & 6.70 x 15" bias 4-ply tubeless bsw tires. This example has opt Style-Tone Two-Tone MA-code  Goldenglow Yellow  &  Raven Black  ext paint +$26.90, Rear Fender Shields +$25, & White Sidewall Tires +$50. Top is Black rayon fabric & Boot is Black skiver-grain vinyl plastic.

 
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